The Luminosity Function of M3

The subdwarf luminosity function

Using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release and SuperCOS-MOS Sky Survey scans of POSS-I plates we identify a sample of ∼2600 subdwarfs using reduced proper motion methods and strict selection criteria. This forms one of the largest and most reliable samples of candidate subdwarfs known, and enables us to determine accurate luminosity functions along many different lines of s...

Evolution of Galaxy Luminosity Function and Luminosity Function by Density

Using galaxy sample observed by the BATC large-field multi-color sky survey and galaxy data of SDSS in the overlapped fields, we study the dependence of the restframe r-band galaxy luminosity function on redshift and on large-scale environment. The large-scale environment is defined by isodensity contour with density contrast δρ/ρ. The data set is a composite sample of 69,671 galaxies with reds...

The properties and luminosity function of extremely low luminosity galaxies

We examine a sample of low redshift (10 < d < 150 h Mpc) field galaxies including galaxies with luminosities as low as Mr − 5 log10 h ∼ −12.5, selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 2 (SDSS). The sample is unique in containing galaxies of extremely low luminosities in a wide range of environments, selected with uniform and well-understood criteria. We present the luminosity fun...

Luminosity Function of Galaxies

The Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function

The [O III] λ5007 planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF) occupies an important place on the extragalactic distance ladder: it is the only standard candle that can be applied to all the large galaxies of the Local Supercluster. We review the method’s precision, and use it to show that the distance scale defined by Cepheids and the Surface Brightness Fluctuation method is likely too large by...